Family RV Rental in Luxembourg - Pricing Guide 2026

Compare 50+ suppliers worldwide
Final prices, no hidden fees
Service from real people
Family RV Rental in Luxembourg - Pricing Guide 2026. Compare 2026 rates from just €80/day. Get your family RV price and book today.
Family RV Rental in Luxembourg - Pricing Guide 2026

Embarking on a family RV rental adventure in Luxembourg promises an unforgettable journey through a country rich in history, picturesque landscapes, and surprising charm. With a rented motorhome or campervan, you unlock the freedom to explore at your own pace, from ancient castles perched atop dramatic cliffs to the peaceful valleys of the Ardennes. For live availability and current prices, start with our RV Rental Luxembourg - Complete Guide 2026 guide. At Bandana RV, we specialize in making these dream trips a reality, providing full price transparency and dedicated support every step of the way.

What family rv rental RV Rental Costs in Luxembourg (2026)

RV rental costs in Luxembourg in 2026 typically range from €85 per day for a compact campervan during the low season to over €300 per day for a large, luxury Class A motorhome in peak summer. April is often the cheapest month for RV rental in Luxembourg, with daily rates for a comfortable 2-berth campervan like the "luxury rv rentals example Carthago Malibu 600" starting from around €70-€100, which features a 2.3 L / 130 HP engine and manual transmission, ideal for couples. These prices are dynamic, much like airline tickets, and fluctuate based on vehicle availability, rental duration, and seasonal demand. Bandana RV offers a straightforward platform to compare final prices from over 50 leading suppliers worldwide, ensuring no hidden fees or unwelcome surprises at pickup. Our commitment to full transparency means what you see is truly what you pay.

To help you budget for your family adventure, here's an estimation of typical rental costs for different RV classes and durations in Luxembourg during the shoulder season (May/September), keeping in mind these are approximate starting prices: On the routes offered through RV PLANET routes, you can itemize and track every expense along the way for easy budgeting.

RV Class Sleeping Capacity 1-Week Rental (approx.) 2-Week Rental (approx.) 1-Month Rental (approx.)
Campervan (Class B) 2-4 people €595 - €980 (€85-€140/day) €1,050 - €1,960 (€75-€140/day) €2,100 - €3,500 (€70-€115/day)
Mid-size Motorhome (Class C) 4-5 people €840 - €1,400 (€120-€200/day) €1,470 - €2,800 (€105-€200/day) €2,850 - €4,800 (€95-€160/day)
Large Motorhome (Class C / A) 6-7+ people €1,120 - €2,100 (€160-€300/day) €1,960 - €4,200 (€140-€300/day) €3,750 - €7,500 (€125-€250/day)

For example, a family of 4 might consider a mid-size Class C motorhome like the "Explorer" which offers sleeping for 4 with a double bed and a bed over the cab, or a slightly larger option like the "Group E" which sleeps up to 6 with bunk beds and a 146/210cm bed over the cab. The "Cat C - Sky 62" is another spacious option for 6 people, measuring 7.34m in length with a 145-liter refrigerator.

When comparing family RV rental costs for couples versus families with kids in Luxembourg, the primary difference lies in the size and type of vehicle needed. Couples often opt for a compact campervan like a "Van - Economy" or a "DVC" campervan with automatic transmission, an 114-liter fresh water tank, and an 80-liter waste water tank, providing ample comfort without unnecessary space. These smaller units are typically more fuel-efficient and easier to maneuver, leading to lower rental rates and fuel costs. Families with 4-6 people, on the other hand, will generally require a Class C motorhome, such as an "rv rentals example Comfort Class" which boasts 3 double beds, an ideal size for two couples or a large family, and includes a shower and toilet. These larger vehicles naturally come with a higher daily rental price, but they offer significantly more living space, separate sleeping areas, and larger kitchen and bathroom facilities.

Can I find last-minute family RV rental deals in Luxembourg? Yes, last-minute RV rental availability in Luxembourg can be found, particularly during the shoulder or off-season, though prices remain dynamic and subject to immediate changes. While pre-planning generally secures better rates and a wider selection of vehicles, spontaneous travelers can sometimes find competitive prices if a supplier has excess inventory. It's always best to check real-time prices on a comparison platform like Bandana RV. We constantly update our system with offerings from 50+ leading RV suppliers, ensuring you have access to the latest deals for your adventurous family trip.

If you're flexible, how do you find the cheapest family RV rental in Luxembourg? Travelers seeking the cheapest family RV rental in Luxembourg should prioritize flexible travel dates, consider visiting during the off-peak or shoulder seasons, and use comparison tools effectively. Booking your rental during non-holiday periods or avoiding major festivals can significantly reduce daily rates. Additionally, comparing various campervan and motorhome options across different suppliers on a single platform allows you to quickly identify the best value. Opting for a slightly older model or a smaller vehicle class, such as a 2-4 berth campervan (e.g., a "Group A" with two burners gas stove and a 30-liter fresh water tank), can also lead to substantial savings.

Seasonal Pricing - Peak vs. Shoulder vs. Off-Season in Luxembourg

RV rental prices in Luxembourg reach their peak during the summer months of July and August, driven by high demand for family holidays and excellent weather conditions. During this period, you can expect daily rental rates for a mid-size Class C motorhome to be 20-40% higher than in the shoulder seasons, often starting from €180-€300 per day. These peak season prices are highly dynamic and can change day-to-day, sometimes even hour-to-hour, as availability shifts. It's wise to book 4-6 months in advance if your travel dates are fixed for July or August to secure your preferred vehicle and potentially better rates.

Shoulder seasons in Luxembourg, typically May to June and September to October, offer a delightful balance of pleasant weather and more moderate RV rental prices. During these months, you can often find daily rates for family motorhomes like the "F4" 5-berth model, which features a Fiat TD 140 HP engine, a 142-liter refrigerator, and a 118-liter fresh water tank, costing around €120-€200. This period is ideal for those who prefer to avoid the summer crowds while still enjoying outdoor activities. Many campsites remain fully open, and the vibrant colors of spring or autumn foliage make for stunning drives. Plus, you might find some excellent deals on One-Way RV Driving in Luxembourg - Route Planner 2026 options to other European destinations during these transition periods.

The off-season, generally from November to March (with April often serving as the low-season anchor), provides the lowest RV rental rates in Luxembourg, sometimes with savings of 30-50% compared to peak season. Daily prices for a small campervan can drop to €70-€120, making it an attractive option for budget-conscious travelers or those interested in unique winter camping experiences. While some smaller campsites and attractions may have reduced hours or be closed, larger RV parks often remain open, sometimes offering heated facilities. It's crucial to consider weather conditions, as winter driving in Luxembourg can involve snow and ice, requiring careful attention to road conditions and planning. However, with the right preparation, a winter RV trip can be a cozy and magical way to experience the country. Don't forget that on RV PLANET routes, you can itemize and track every expense, which is especially useful for managing a seasonal budget.

What's Included vs. What's an Add-On

When renting a family RV in Luxembourg, basic liability insurance is always included, providing peace of mind for your road trip. However, many additional features and coverages are available as optional add-ons, allowing you to customize your rental experience and budget. At Bandana RV, we provide clear information on these options from our direct partnerships with 50+ leading RV suppliers worldwide, ensuring full transparency with no hidden fees or surprises.

Typical inclusions with a standard RV rental in Luxembourg generally feature a basic vehicle setup, including a working kitchen with a stove, refrigerator (for instance, the "MIC" motorhome includes a 145-liter three-way fridge), and a bathroom with a toilet and shower (like in the "Category Van" which also has a 95-liter fresh water tank). Standard mileage may be included, often with a daily limit of 100-200 km, or you can opt for unlimited mileage packages. Some larger motorhomes, such as the "MHC24" (Class C) sleeping 6, often come with an oven and microwave, along with a 150-liter fresh water tank.

🎬 Video coming soon

Common add-ons for RV rentals in Luxembourg include comprehensive insurance packages, allowing you to upgrade to a top-level deductible for extra peace of mind, reducing your financial exposure in case of an accident. Other popular extras are unlimited mileage options, generator usage fees (if applicable for larger Class A or C motorhomes), and convenient kits for cooking and sleeping. For example, a "kitchen kit" might include pots, pans, utensils, and dishes, while a "personal kit" often contains bedding, towels, and pillows. We make it easy to toggle these options during your search on our platform, so you can compare the full cost of your preferred family RV rental in Luxembourg with all desired features. Our goal is to ensure you know exactly what you're getting and what you're paying for before you book, reflecting our core philosophy of selling the way we'd like to buy - with honesty and no tricks or gimmicks.

Hidden Costs to Budget For in Luxembourg

Beyond the base rental rate for your family RV in Luxembourg, several ancillary costs should be factored into your overall budget to ensure a smooth and surprise-free trip. Bandana RV believes in full transparency, which is why we encourage travelers to understand all potential expenses upfront. Fuel costs are a significant consideration; while Luxembourg often has some of Europe's cheapest fuel, longer trips, especially those traversing neighboring countries, will accumulate substantial fuel expenses. A Class C motorhome like the "cruise america rv rental example Explorer" with a 2.5 liter turbo diesel engine and 75-liter fuel tank, for example, typically consumes around 11 liters per 100 km.

Campsite fees represent another major part of your budget, varying widely based on location, season, and amenities. In peak season, a well-equipped campsite in a popular area might cost €30-€60 per night, while off-season rates could be as low as €15-€30. For finding campsites and campgrounds during your trip, we recommend using RV PLANET (rvplan.net) - a great resource for locating available spots along your route. This platform also allows travelers to itemize and track every expense along the way for easy budgeting. Tolls are generally not an issue within Luxembourg itself, which famously has free public transport nationwide, but they can become a factor if your RV adventure extends into neighboring countries like France or Germany. Some suppliers may offer options to pre-purchase toll passes for easier cross-border travel.

RV-specific services, such as dump station fees (for emptying grey and black water tanks) and fresh water refills, might incur small charges at certain locations, although many campsites include these in their overnight fees. Propane (LPG) for cooking and heating is another expense; vehicles like the "Cat B - Sky 22" 4-berth motorhome are equipped with two 11 kg gas bottles for extended use. Parking in cities, while challenging for larger RVs, is usually manageable with a bit of planning. Drive slowly and carefully, and you can drive almost anywhere without issues. No need to stress - just use common sense and pay attention. General daily expenses, including groceries, dining out (especially if you plan to enjoy some of Luxembourg's Michelin-starred restaurants), and activity fees, should also be generously accounted for. Remember that Bandana RV covers over 50 countries, and our expertise means we anticipate these details, helping you plan effectively without hidden costs. For detailed itineraries and budgeting tools that account for these ancillary costs, exploring RV PLANET routes can be extremely helpful.

How to Save on family rv rental RV Rental in Luxembourg

To maximize your budget for a family RV rental in Luxembourg, several strategic approaches can help you significantly reduce costs. One effective method is to book your motorhome or campervan rental during the shoulder season (May-June or September-October) rather than the peak summer months. These periods offer pleasant weather for exploring with fewer crowds and generally lower daily rates, potentially saving you 15-25% on your rental. For instance, a "Combi Van" sleeping 4, equipped with a 60-liter fresh water tank and diesel engine, might be available for €95-€120/day during shoulder season compared to €150+ in summer.

Opting for longer rental durations can also lead to more favorable daily rates, as many suppliers offer discounts for extended periods. A two-week adventure or even a month-long journey often has a lower per-day cost than a week-long trip. Additionally, consider choosing a smaller RV class if it comfortably accommodates your family. A compact campervan, like the "V3" 2-berth model with a 100-liter fresh water tank, will not only have a lower rental price but also significantly reduce fuel consumption (e.g., 11-13 liters per 100 km) compared to a larger Class C motorhome like the "MHC30" (7-9 berths, 210-liter fresh water tank, 210-liter fuel tank). For recipes that make the most of your RV's kitchen and help save on dining out, check out our RV-friendly recipes playlist.

Another smart saving strategy is to actively monitor dynamic pricing and book with flexibility. RV rental prices, like flight tickets, can change daily, so being open to adjusting your travel dates by a few days can sometimes unlock significant savings. Bandana RV’s platform allows you to easily compare options from numerous suppliers like El Monte, Cruise America, Apollo, and Britz, ensuring you get the best deal with full price transparency. You can upgrade to a top-level deductible for extra peace of mind, knowing the cost upfront. Remember, our status as true RV specialists, not just a travel agency side department, means we understand these nuances and are here to support you before, during (with booking coordination), and after your booking, helping you plan a Week-Long RV Driving Tour in Luxembourg 2026 or even longer trip with minimal effort and maximum enjoyment. Pre-paying for tolls or researching discount cards for campsites and fuel in Luxembourg or nearby areas can also contribute to overall budget savings.

RV Driving Tips and Local Regulations in Luxembourg

Navigating Luxembourg in a rented motorhome is generally straightforward, thanks to its well-maintained road network and clear signage. In Luxembourg, driving is on the right-hand side of the road, and speed limits are typically 50 km/h in urban areas, 90 km/h on rural roads, and 130 km/h on motorways (which often drops to 110 km/h in wet conditions). A standard car driver's license (Category B) is sufficient for all rental motorhomes, as they typically have a maximum permissible mass of 3,500 kg, meaning no special license or additional permits are required. An International Driving Permit (IDP) is recommended for visitors from non-English-speaking countries but is not mandatory if your license is in English. Emergency numbers are 112 for all emergencies and 113 for police assistance.

When driving an RV in Luxembourg, especially larger Class C motorhomes, always be mindful of road widths and urban navigation. While Luxembourg City has some narrow historic streets, you can drive slowly and carefully, and you can drive almost anywhere without issues. No need to stress - just use common sense and pay attention to signs indicating vehicle restrictions or low bridges. Parking in towns and cities might require some scouting for larger vehicles, but dedicated RV parking often exists near tourist attractions or at the edge of city centers. For guidance on driving bigger rigs, refer to our "Driving an RV in Luxembourg - Complete Guide 2026" itinerary.

Camping laws in Luxembourg are generally well-regulated, with designated campgrounds being the preferred and often only legal option for overnight stays. Wild camping or boondocking is generally not permitted outside of official campsites. However, many towns offer designated Stellplatz (motorhome parking areas) or Aires de Services, which provide basic services like fresh water and waste disposal, sometimes for a small fee. For locating these spots, RV PLANET (rvplan.net) is an invaluable resource. Fuel stations are plentiful, and as noted, Luxembourg often boasts Europe's cheapest fuel prices, making it a strategic stop for refueling, especially if you're traveling through Europe. Keep some cash on hand for smaller, rural fuel stations, though most accept international credit cards. For those looking to optimize their fuel expenses, our "Budget RV Driving in Luxembourg - Save on Fuel 2026" route plans offer excellent strategies.

Top Cities for RV Rental in Luxembourg

While Luxembourg is a small country, several key locations serve as excellent starting points or exploration hubs for your family RV rental adventure. The Grand Duchy offers unique experiences from its bustling capital to serene rural towns, all easily accessible with a rented campervan or motorhome. Remember to travel slowly, max 100-150 km per day on average, to truly feel the place, connect to the culture, the food, and the scenery.

  • Luxembourg City: As the capital, Luxembourg City is the primary hub for RV rentals, with convenient pickup locations near the airport. It offers a blend of historical sites like the Bock Casemates and modern European institutions. Parking outside the city center at a dedicated RV lot, then utilizing the free public transport, is highly recommended for exploring this vibrant city.
  • Echternach: Located in the Mullerthal region (Little Switzerland), Echternach is a perfect base for hiking among stunning rock formations. This ancient town has excellent camping facilities and offers easy access to scenic routes, ideal for a "DVC" automatic transmission campervan with 114-liter fresh water capacity.
  • Vianden: Home to one of Europe's most magnificent medieval castles, Vianden offers a dramatic setting in the Ardennes. Numerous campsites in the surrounding area make it a great spot to park your Class C motorhome like the "F2" model, which features three sleeping places and a 160/200cm bed over the cab, before exploring the castle and its charming town.
  • Remich: Situated along the Moselle River, Remich is known for its vineyards and picturesque river cruises. It's a fantastic place for a relaxing stay, with several RV-friendly wineries nearby often offering ample parking. It's also a great point to plan "Luxury RV Driving in Luxembourg - Scenic Routes 2026" along the wine route.
  • Clervaux: Another gem in the Ardennes, Clervaux boasts a stunning castle housing the "Family of Man" photography exhibition. Its tranquil surroundings are ideal for a peaceful RV stay, and the town itself is compact and easily walkable once you've parked your "Group A" campervan with its two burners gas stove and 30-liter fresh water tank.
  • Schengen: The symbolic heart of borderless Europe, Schengen is a must-visit for its historical significance. A brief stop here can be easily integrated into any multi-country RV itinerary, making it a memorable addition to your journey across Europe. This is a perfect example of why our "RV Rental Europe - Complete Guide 2026" is so valuable.

Border Crossings and Multi-Country RV Travel from Luxembourg

Luxembourg's central location in Europe makes it an ideal starting point for multi-country RV adventures, seamlessly connecting you to France, Germany, and Belgium without the hassle of traditional border controls thanks to the Schengen Agreement. When planning cross-border journeys, be aware that while physical borders are open, each country will have its own specific road rules, speed limits, and camping regulations. For instance, while a standard driver's license suffices in Luxembourg, it's always prudent to carry an International Driving Permit (IDP) when crossing into non-English speaking countries, though often not strictly mandatory if your national license is easily understandable.

Fuel prices in Luxembourg are consistently lower than in its neighbors, making it a smart move to fill up your rental motorhome's tank before crossing into France, Germany, or Belgium. Vehicles like the "Cat B - Sky 62" motorhome with its 80-liter fuel tank will benefit significantly from this strategy. Tolls are not prevalent within Luxembourg, but they are common in France (autoroutes) and Germany (for trucks, though not usually for RVs under 3.5 tons, but always check current regulations). Planning your route using tools on RV PLANET (rvplan.net) can help you identify and budget for potential tolls and other expenses before you go. This meticulous planning is one of the key benefits of our Rent&Plan service, providing pre-planned routes by professionals, and don't forget you receive a 25% planning discount when using rvplan.net.

One-way RV rentals are a popular option for those wanting to explore more of Europe from Luxembourg, allowing you to pick up your motorhome in Luxembourg and drop it off in another European city, such as Paris, Frankfurt, or Brussels. While drop-off fees usually apply, these rentals offer immense flexibility. Our platform, with its direct partnerships with major suppliers like El Monte, Cruise America, Apollo, and Britz across 50+ countries, allows for easy comparison of these one-way options, ensuring you get the best deal. For a comprehensive overview of cross-country options, consider checking our "One-Way RV Driving in Luxembourg - Route Planner 2026" guide. Bandana RV has been helping tens of thousands of travelers explore the world by RV since 2001, providing local expertise and support in 30+ currencies with full price transparency.

What You Shouldn't Miss

  • Explore Vianden Castle: Perched dramatically above the Our River, this stunning medieval castle is one of Luxembourg's most iconic and well-preserved fortresses, offering breathtaking views and a journey back in time.
  • Hike in Mullerthal - Little Switzerland: Discover the unique geological formations, dense forests, and winding streams of the Mullerthal region. Numerous well-marked hiking trails, including the famous Mullerthal Trail, offer adventures for all fitness levels.
  • Wander through Luxembourg City's Old Quarter: A UNESCO World Heritage site, the historic center of Luxembourg City, with its impressive fortifications, charming cobbled streets, and panoramic views from the Chemin de la Corniche, is a must-see. Park your RV conveniently outside and use the free public transport to explore.
  • Taste Moselle Valley Wines: Drive your rented campervan along the Moselle River and stop at one of the many vineyards for a wine tasting. The region is known for its crisp white wines, particularly Riesling and Pinot Blanc. Many wineries offer RV-friendly parking.
  • Visit the National Museum of Military History in Diekirch: For history buffs, this museum provides an in-depth look at the Battle of the Bulge, a significant event during WWII, and is highly regarded for its comprehensive exhibits.
  • Looking for expert insights from Avi Bandana? Top 5 Adventures - recommendations from Avi Bandana: Stay tuned for Avi's personal recommendations, designed to bring you unique value and unforgettable experiences in Luxembourg!

Why Book with Bandana Caravan

At Bandana RV, we're not just another booking platform; we're your dedicated travel partners, specializing exclusively in RV rentals to ensure your adventure is seamless and stress-free. Our approach is built on trust and transparency, ensuring you experience the easiest, safest, and most affordable way to rent an RV.

Full Price Transparency

We compare final prices across 50+ suppliers so you don't have to. What you see is what you pay, with no surprise fees at pickup. We believe in absolute honesty, just like our founder, Avi Bandana, who states: "We sell the way we'd like to buy - with honesty. No hidden fees, no surprises, no tricks or gimmicks. What you see is what you get."

True RV Specialists

Unlike general travel agencies, we are true RV specialists. Since 2001, we've accumulated over 23 years of hands-on experience, helping tens of thousands of travelers explore the world by RV. Our team genuinely knows RV travel and loves helping people discover it.

24/7 Support & Peace of Mind

From pre-booking comparisons to booking support and post-booking coordination, real people are behind you every step of the way. You can also upgrade to a top-level deductible reimbursement for extra peace of mind throughout your journey.

Pre-Planned Adventures with RV PLANET

Leverage our sister company, RV PLANET (rvplan.net), which offers 1,300+ pre-planned routes across 5 continents. You can access professionally curated itineraries and receive a 25% planning discount, simplifying your trip preparation for Luxembourg or anywhere else.

With direct partnerships with over 50 leading RV suppliers worldwide, including trusted names like El Monte, Cruise America, Apollo, and Britz, we offer an unparalleled selection. Our booking platform supports over 30 currencies, ensuring full price transparency and no hidden conversion commissions. Our coverage spans 50+ countries, backed by local expertise and supportive service designed to be with travelers before, during, and after their booking.

Final Thoughts

A family RV rental in Luxembourg offers an incredible blend of freedom, comfort, and discovery, allowing you to immerse yourselves in this charming European gem at your leisure. From the historic capital to the natural beauty of Mullerthal and the Moselle Valley, a rented motorhome or campervan provides the perfect home-on-wheels for creating lasting family memories. By understanding the pricing dynamics, planning for ancillary costs, and utilizing smart booking strategies, you can enjoy a fantastic adventure without any unexpected financial bumps.

At Bandana RV, we're passionate about making your RV dreams come true. Our commitment to full transparency, dedicated support, and extensive network of top suppliers ensures you have all the tools and information needed for a successful trip. So, pack your bags, choose your ideal family RV, and get ready to experience the magic of Luxembourg on your terms. Your next great European road trip awaits!

Discover top destinations, planning tips, all in one place! Compare family RV Rental Prices for Luxembourg now.

All the information is based on public information on the web.

All imagery sourced under Creative Commons licenses with attribution provided.

Always check trail conditions and opening hours before travel.



FAQs About Renting an RV in Luxembourg

How much does a motorhome rental cost in Luxembourg?

Motorhome rental costs in Luxembourg vary significantly by season and vehicle size, generally ranging from 85 per day for a compact campervan in the low season to over 300 per day for a large Class A motorhome during peak summer. Prices are dynamic and can change daily based on availability and demand.

What is the minimum driver age for family rv rental in Luxembourg?

The minimum driver age for family RV rental in Luxembourg is 21 years old. Unlike some other destinations, Bandana RV partner suppliers typically do not impose young driver surcharges or vehicle class restrictions based on age, making RV travel accessible to younger adults.

Can I pick up a family rv in Luxembourg and return it in a different city?

Yes, one-way RV rentals are generally available from Luxembourg with most suppliers, allowing you to pick up your vehicle in Luxembourg and drop it off in another European city. A one-way fee typically applies, which can range from 150 to 500 or more, depending on the distance and specific drop-off location.

Do I need a special license to drive a rented motorhome in Luxembourg?

No, a standard B-category car driver's license is sufficient for driving all rental motorhomes in Luxembourg, as they generally fall within the 3,500 kg maximum permissible mass limit. An International Driving Permit (IDP) is recommended for non-EU visitors, but usually not mandatory if your license is in English.

Is wild camping or boondocking permitted with a family rv rental in Luxembourg?

Wild camping and boondocking are generally not permitted in Luxembourg outside of designated campsites or official Stellplatz/Aires de Services. It is recommended to plan your overnight stays at recognized camping facilities to comply with local regulations.

What are the typical fuel costs for an RV in Luxembourg?

Luxembourg often has some of the lowest fuel prices in Western Europe, making it a cost-effective place to refuel your rental RV. A typical Class C motorhome consumes around 11-15 liters per 100 km, so budgeting for regular fill-ups before crossing borders is a smart financial strategy.

How far in advance should I book my family RV rental for Luxembourg?

To secure the best rates and a wider selection of vehicles for your family RV rental in Luxembourg, it is generally recommended to book 3 to 6 months in advance, especially if you plan to travel during the peak summer season (July-August) or major holidays.